Which disease is characterized by progressive neuro-degeneration affecting memory and cognition?

Alzheimer's Disease is characterized by the progressive neuro-degeneration that specifically affects memory and cognition. This condition is known for its gradual decline in cognitive functions, leading to significant impairments in memory, thinking skills, and ultimately the ability to perform everyday activities.

As neurons in certain regions of the brain, particularly those associated with memory and learning, become damaged or die, individuals experience difficulty in recalling recent events or recognizing familiar faces. This deterioration is linked to the buildup of plaques and tangles in the brain, which disrupt the communication between nerve cells. The focus of Alzheimer's is predominantly on cognitive decline, making it distinct from other neurological conditions.

Understanding these nuances is crucial, as other diseases listed may impact other bodily functions or exhibit different symptoms. Parkinson's Disease typically affects movement and coordination, Multiple Sclerosis involves immune-mediated inflammation and damage to the central nervous system, and Huntington's Disease is linked to genetic factors leading to motor control problems and cognitive decline, but with a different clinical presentation. Each of these conditions has its own unique set of symptoms and disease progression, highlighting the specificity of Alzheimer's Disease in relation to memory and cognitive functions.